Et Thew, Brute?

Some discussion of thews and thewbilation in the Sword and Sorcery Tavern on Discord made me curious about the etymology of thew.

I consulted my friend, the democratic AHD, and it hit me in the face with this.

thew (thyoo)
n. often thews
1. Muscular power or strength.
2. A well-developed sinew or muscle: "sinews of steel, thews of iron, abdomen like one of those old-time washing boards" (Michael Kelly).
Middle English, individual habit, virtue, strength (sense influenced by sinew), from Old English theaw, a custom, habit.
thew'y adj.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition Copyright ©
2011- by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved. © 2011~ Enfour, Inc.

Did not expect it to derive from a word meaning “habit; custom”. That seems a pretty abstract origin for such a fleshy word. But I guess you don’t develop thews in the modern sense without the habit of exercise. Or so I’m told by those who have them.

I like the word thewy, though, and I wish it would come into more general use.

“What do you want to be when you grow up?”

“Thewy.”

Orel’s Handbook of Germanic Etymology (my go-to resource in these matters) didn’t help any, so I slouched over to the tyrant OED. No further etymology was available, but there was a lot of historical stuff about the meandering usage of the word in modern English.

For instance, it used to refer to “physical good qualities, features, or personal endowments” generally.

3. plural. Physical good qualities, features, or personal endowments.
3.a. † generally (e.g. the fair features or lineaments of a woman).
Obsolete.
1567
1567
Dost thou thinke.. that doltish sielie man, The thewes of Helens passing forme may iudge, or throughly scan?
G. Turberville, translation of Ovid, Heroycall Epistles 94'
•..
I leaue her thewes untoucht, wherein she may compare With heauenly Peeres, such feature falles on earthly creatures rare.
G. Turberville, translation of Ovid, Heroycall Epistles

The Turberville quotes made me wonder: how ripped was Helen? Homer is silent on this important subject; modern storytellers will have to ask and answer the question.

About JE

James Enge is the author of the World-Fantasy-Award-nominated novel Blood of Ambrose (Pyr, April 2009). His latest book is The Wide World's End. His short fiction has appeared in Black Gate, Tales from the Magician's Skull, The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction and elsewhere.
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